DIRD_14-DIRD_The_Role_of_Superconductors_in_Gravity_Research.pdf

UNCLASSIFIED / /®@R-OFPS6ERE USE Chee Defense Intelligence Reference Document Foe ead Acquisition Threat Support 23 March 2010 ICOD: 1 December 2010 DIA-08-1003-013 The Role of Superconductors in Gravity Research UNCLASSIFIED / /&Q8.G261G)¢iaUGE ONE

UNCLASSIFIED / /PORoOPPECEAEUSGE-ONEY The Role of Superconductors in Gravity Research Prepared by: (b)\(3).10 USC 424 Defense Intelligence Agency Author: (b)(6) Administrative Note COPYRIGHT WARNING: Further dissemination of the photographs in this publication is not authorized. This product is one in a series of advanced technology reports produced in FY 2009 under the Defense Intelligence Agency, [(6)(3):10 USC 424_———~*«*<SAX vanced Aerospace Weapon System Applications (AAWSA)} Program. Comments or questions pertaining to this document should be addressed to [(b)(3):10 USC 424:(b\(6) |, AAW…

UNCLASSIFIED / /#@R-O@FFIGH-U6GE-ONEY Contents INtrOduction ...csscccccneccnsecnsensensnsssesacenenenaucneneseuaneuenavesauaueusceuauaneuaueuaueueneucuauereucneucuaues iti Gravity Waves .....:cccccccsevevesecevereruseress suvcnecuserevaevusuresusceesusceesuseneravarerasceesusceeseseneveves i Gravitoelectromag netism 2. ..cccccssecsesnenencceneneuenanececaueuaueneueresanauauenaseuensuscauanenenaseuenenas i Historical Timeline 22... ccccseresesnsecuvevcveverecnsesccurerurevaraseensevenuveravevevuuecesecesusereseessecuseser 3 CONCUSSION. oe on cena eee ee ee se eens ee eee ee ee eens ean enon een…

UNCLASSIFIED / / 8@2.052515600PUG@-0202Y The Role of Superconductors in Gravity Research Introduction This paper is a historical survey of the role superconductors have played in the recent search for laboratory-scale manipulation of gravity. The invention of superconductors and, in particular, the recent development of high- temperature ceramic superconductors have provided the impetus for pursuing a connection between gravity, electromagnetism, and, in particular, magnetism and matter in the solid state. The discovery of yttrium-barium- copper oxide (YBCO) YBa2Cu:07 ceramics able to supercon…

UNCLASSIFIED / 2@Re@EPEGiti= GEO Piele Gravity Waves A distinction should be made between gravitational waves, the gravitational “force,” and anomalous forces. Currently, work on gravitational waves is divided into two more or less distinct realms: low frequency (less than a few hundred Hz) and high frequency (greater than ~ several tens of kHz). The existence of gravitational waves of any frequency is a natural outcome of Einstein’s theory of general relativity (GR). The search for low-frequency gravitational waves currently utilizes large, heavy, and long metal bars as detectors together wit…

UNCLASSIFIED / AR@R-@EETGRALA SE Gila The “attraction” of modifying gravity—whether your own, your spacecraft’s, or that of a nearby large mass—for propulsive purposes lies in two general categories of effect: e The modifying, neutralizing, or negating of the gravitational attraction of a nearby body, typically Earth. * The provision of propulsive force or impulse to a spacecraft based on manipulation — of the same underlying physical phenomenon that forms the basis of gravity. The theoretical and experimental attempts outlined in this paper deal with both these possibilities. In experiments d…

UNCLASSIFIED / /@R-OFFEGEREUSE-ONTY in electromagnetic theory. The simplified GR/Maxwell equations show that there is also a Faraday-like law of induction that can generate Newtonian gravitational fields from time-varying gravitomagnetic fields. Modern attempts to confirm the existence of the gravitomagnetic field include highly accurate laser ranging of the Earth-Moon distance (Reference 12), as well as the launch of the Gravity Probe B satellite (Reference 13). Historical Timeline In order to aid future researchers, it is instructive to follow the general historical development of the modern…

UNCLASSIFIED / /®O2Re@EFEGE=USE-Oher produced a modified set of London equations. These papers laid the theoretical foundations for the later work of Li, Torr, and Tajmar, for example. In the late 1980s while at the University of Alabama, Douglas Torr was examining neglected areas of physics, including aether theories and experiments, as well as gravitational wave antennas, the subject of a paper awarded the Gravity Research Foundation’s “First Award” in 1989. In 1991, Torr and Ning Li published a paper on the effects of a gravitomagnetic field on superconducting matter (Reference 16). Ordinar…